Parathyroid Disorders in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

Understanding Parathyroid Disorders in CKD Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) affects the kidneys’ ability to maintain a proper balance of calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone (PTH). One major consequence of CKD is secondary hyperparathyroidism, where the parathyroid glands produce excessive PTH in response to these imbalances. This can lead to serious complications affecting bones, muscles, and overall health.

What is Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)? The parathyroid glands, located near the thyroid gland, secrete PTH to regulate calcium and phosphorus levels in the body. PTH helps:

• Increase blood calcium levels by releasing calcium from the bones.
• Reduce phosphorus reabsorption in the kidneys to maintain balance.

In CKD, impaired kidney function leads to phosphorus retention and calcium depletion, triggering excessive PTH production and contributing to bone and cardiovascular complications.

Types of Hyperparathyroidism

1. Primary Hyperparathyroidism:

   • Caused by an overactive parathyroid gland, often due to a benign tumor.
   • Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, bone pain, kidney stones, and high calcium levels.

2. Secondary Hyperparathyroidism (Common in CKD):

   • Occurs when CKD-induced phosphorus retention and calcium imbalance stimulate PTH production.
   • Seen in advanced CKD stages, leading to mineral imbalances and bone disease.

3. Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism:

   • Results from prolonged secondary hyperparathyroidism, causing autonomous PTH secretion.
   • Often seen after kidney transplantation or in end-stage kidney failure.

Symptoms of Parathyroid Disorders in CKD

• Bone Pain & Fractures: Weakened bones due to excessive PTH.
• Fatigue & Muscle Weakness: High PTH levels affect muscle function.
• Kidney Stones: Excess calcium release increases stone formation risk.
• Itching: High phosphorus levels can cause persistent itching.
• Joint Pain: Mineral imbalances contribute to joint discomfort.

Managing Parathyroid Disorders in CKD

• Regular Monitoring: Frequent checks of calcium, phosphorus, and PTH levels.
• Medications:
  • Phosphate binders to reduce phosphorus levels.
  • Vitamin D supplements to balance calcium and PTH.
  • Calcimimetics to control excessive PTH secretion.
• Dialysis: Helps remove excess phosphorus in advanced CKD.
• Surgery: In severe cases, parathyroid gland removal may be necessary.

Expert Consultation with Dr. Sandip Bhurke For comprehensive management of parathyroid disorders in CKD, consult Dr. Sandip Bhurke, a top nephrologist in South Mumbai. Dr. Bhurke specializes in:

• Monitoring and correcting mineral imbalances.
• Developing personalized treatment strategies, including medication, dietary adjustments, and dialysis.
• Preventing complications like bone disease and kidney stones.

Book an Appointment Today If you are experiencing symptoms of parathyroid disorders in CKD, seek expert guidance from Dr. Sandip Bhurke, one of the best nephrologists in Mumbai, for effective diagnosis and treatment.