Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA): Understanding the Disorder
What is Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)?
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) is a medical condition in which the kidneys fail to properly acidify the urine, leading to an accumulation of acid in the body. This results in metabolic acidosis, where excessive acid builds up in the bloodstream. RTA occurs due to malfunctioning or damage to the renal tubules, which regulate urine pH.
While RTA can be associated with chronic kidney disease or renal transplantation, it primarily refers to cases where kidney function remains intact but urine acidification is inadequate.
Types of Renal Tubular Acidosis
RTA is classified into two primary types:
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (Type 1)
- Causes: This form can be inherited or acquired due to:
- Sickle Cell Disease
- High Blood Calcium (Hypercalcemia)
- Autoimmune Disorders (e.g., Lupus, Sjögren’s Syndrome)
- Certain Medications
- Characteristics: Affects the distal tubules, which are responsible for acid secretion.
Proximal Renal Tubular Acidosis (Type 2)
- Primarily seen in newborns and is often linked to Fanconi Syndrome, a disorder affecting the proximal tubules.
Symptoms of Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (Type 1)
Symptoms vary but commonly include:
- Fatigue & Weakness
- Confusion or Reduced Alertness
- Stunted Growth in Children
- Elevated Respiration Rate
- Kidney Stones
- Nephrocalcinosis (calcium deposits in kidneys, leading to damage)
- Osteomalacia (bone softening, risk of fractures)
- Muscle Weakness & Cramps
- Bone Pain
- Reduced Urine Output or Polyuria
- Heart Irregularities (elevated heart rate, arrhythmias)
- Abdominal or Back Pain (often due to kidney stones)
Treatment of Renal Tubular Acidosis
The primary goal is to restore acid-base balance and correct electrolyte imbalances. Treatment includes:
- Alkaline Therapy – Administration of bicarbonate or citrate to neutralize acid buildup.
- Bone Health Management – Medications to strengthen bones and prevent fractures.
- Electrolyte Management – Correction of potassium and calcium imbalances to prevent kidney stones and muscle weakness.
- Kidney Stone Treatment – In some cases, surgery or lithotripsy (shock wave therapy) may be required.
When to Seek Medical Help
Immediate medical attention is required for:
- Severe Confusion or Decreased Consciousness
- Seizures
- Sharp Decline in Alertness or Orientation
Consult Dr. Sandip Bhurke for Expert Treatment
If you or a loved one experience symptoms of Renal Tubular Acidosis, seek expert medical care. Dr. Sandip Bhurke, a renowned nephrologist and kidney specialist in South Mumbai, offers personalized treatment for RTA. With expertise in kidney disorders, Dr. Bhurke provides comprehensive care to manage and treat RTA effectively.
Early diagnosis, timely intervention, and ongoing monitoring are crucial for managing RTA successfully. Contact Dr. Sandip Bhurke today for expert consultation and tailored treatment plans.
